Advance in Evaluation Formula of Glomerular Filtration Rate in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury (review) / 中国康复理论与实践

Patients with spinal cord injury are in high risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is an important indicator commonly used to detect CKD. This paper reviewed the pros and cons of existing endogenous and exogenous GFR measurement, and focused on the problems and challenges for the application of the estimating glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in patients with spinal cord injury. These research results indicated that the applicability of traditional eGFR to patients with spinal cord injury is still insufficient. It is necessary to modify eGFR in clinical research and application in spinal cord injury.

Incidence of vascular anomalies and variants associated with unilateral venous pulsatile tinnitus in 242 patients based on dual-phase contrast-enhanced computed tomography / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>A comprehensive assessment of various vascular anomalies and variants associated with venous pulsatile tinnitus (PT) by radiography is essential for therapeutic planning and improving the clinical outcome. This study evaluated the incidence of various vascular anomalies and variants on the PT side and determined whether these lesions occurred as multiple or single entities.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The dual-phase contrast-enhanced computed tomography images of 242 patients with unilateral venous PT were retrospectively reviewed. The vascular anomalies and variants on the symptomatic and asymptomatic sides were analyzed, and the incidences of anomalies or variants on each side were compared. The number of anomalies and variants on the symptomatic side in each patient was calculated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) A total 170 patients (170/242) had more than one anomaly or variant on the symptomatic side, and 58 patients (58/242) had a single lesion on tomography. (2) There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence of dehiscent sigmoid plate (P = 0.000), lateral sinus stenosis (P = 0.014), high jugular bulb (P = 0.000), sigmoid sinus diverticulum (P = 0.000), jugular bulb diverticulum (P = 0.000), dehiscent jugular bulb (P = 0.000), and a large emissary vein (P = 0.006) between the symptomatic and asymptomatic sides. (3) Dehiscent sigmoid plate (86.4%) was the most frequent lesion on the symptomatic side, followed by lateral sinus stenosis (55.8%), high jugular bulb (47.1%), sigmoid sinus diverticulum (34.3%), jugular bulb diverticulum (13.6%), dehiscent jugular bulb (13.6%), large emissary vein (4.1%), sinus thrombosis (1.2%), and petrosquamosal sinus (0.8%).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Various vascular anomalies and variants occur more frequently on the venous PT side. Preliminary findings suggest that venous PT patients may have multiple vascular anomalies or variants on the symptomatic side.</p>

The diagnostic value of FDG coincidence imaging combined with serum tumor marker assays for pulmonary lesions / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the performance of 18F-FDG three-head tomography with coincidence imaging and serum tumor marker assays in identifying lung lesions in 104 patients with abnormal findings on chest X-ray or computer tomography.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A prospective evaluation of 18F-FDG coincidence imaging and the measurement of 3 serum markers for lung cancer ( carcinoembryonic antigen, CYFRA21-1 and neuron specific enolase) were performed within one week in 104 inpatients with suspected lung malignancy. All images were analyzed visually. It was considered positive for malignancy if the 18F-FDG uptake was increased relative to that in the adjacent lung tissue, and was focal. The serum tumor marker test was considered positive for malignancy if the serum level of at least one marker was elevated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>66 patients were proven to have lung cancer by pathology, and 38 patients had benign lung diseases. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy of 18F-FDG coincidence imaging and serum tumor markers in assessing lung cancers were 80. 0% , 77. 2% , 77. 9% and 56. 0% , 60. 9%, 64. 4% , respectively. 18F-FDG coincidence images in assessing lung lesions showed significantly higher sensitivity, specificity and accuracy than serum tumor markers. Four patients with lung cancer had negative findings on 18F-FDG coincidence images but showed positive serum markers.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>18F-FDG coincidence imaging is a powerful tool for evaluating patients with lung lesions suggestive of malignancy. Although the determination of serum marker levels is less accurate than 18F-FDG coincidence imaging, the combination of a positive 18F-FDG coincidence result and positive tumor markers may be helpful in improving the diagnosis of lung cancers.</p>

Significance of ~(99m)Tc-Diethyl Iminodiacetic Acid Hepatobliliary Planar and Tomographic Scintigraphy in Diagnosis on Biliary Atresia / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of 6 h 99mTc-diethyl iminodiacetic acid (99mTc-EHIDA) planar hepatobiliary scintigraphy (HBS),6 h tomographic HBS and 24 h planar HBS in diagnosis on biliary atresia(BA).Methods Seventy cases(32 male,38 female) with continuous jaundice received planar and tomographic HBS in Beijing Friendship Hospital from Jan.2005 to Dec.2007.The mean age was 48.7 d (29 d-4 months).According to final diagnosis,all cases were divided into BA group (45 cases) and non-BA group (25 cases).All cases fasted at least 4 hours before HBS.The equipment was 3 head IRIX from Philips company with low energy high resolution collimator.The tracer was 99mTc-EHIDA and the radiochemistry purity was more than 95 percent.The dosage was 7.4 MBq/kg.All diagnosis demonstrated by operation pathology and clinical follow-up.All cases received HBS at 5,10,15,20,30 min and 1,6 h after tracer injection.HBS would ended if radioactivity appeared in gallbladder or intestine.These cases would received tomographic HBS and 24 h HBS if radioactivity did not appear in gallbladder or intestine at 6 h post injection.All these images were analyzed by 2 or more nuclear medicine physicians.Results There were not radioactivity appearing in gallbladder and intestine on planar and tomographic HBS of 27 cases,which suggested the BA.There were radioactivity appearing in gallbladder and intestine on planar and tomographic HBS of 30 cases,which suggested the non-BA.Positive rate of 6 h tomographic HBS was significantly higher than that of 6 h planar HBS and there was significantly difference between the 2 methods.Positive rate of 6 h tomographic HBS was significantly higher than that of 24 h planar HBS and there was significant difference between the 2 methods.Conclusions 99mTc-EHIDA HBS is a noninvasive,safety,valuable examing method and has definitely clinical value in the diagnosis on BA.The clinical value of 6 h tomographic HBS is significantly higher than that of 6 h planar HBS and 24 h planar HBS.